Verilere Adil Erişim ve Verilerin Kullanımına İlişkin Uyumlaştırılmış Kurallar Hakkında Avrupa Parlamentosu ve Avrupa Birliği Konseyi Tüzüğü Teklifi (Veri Kanunu).
Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on Harmonised Rules on Fair Access to and Use of Data (Data Act)
AB Veri Kanunu’nun dijital ortamda adaleti sağlaması, rekabetçi bir veri piyasasını teşvik etmesi, veri odaklı inovasyon için fırsatlar yaratması ve veriyi herkes için daha erişilebilir hale getirmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Kanun teklif metninde, hem kişisel hem kişisel olmayan verilere ilişkin hükümler yer alıyor.
Yasama süreci #
Kanun’un yasalaşmasına yönelik süreç, Avrupa Komisyonu tarafından AB Veri Kanunu teklifinin 23 Şubat 2022 tarihinde yayınlanmasıyla başlamıştır. Avrupa Parlamentosu, esaslı değişikliklere tabi tuttuğu teklifi 14 Mart 2023 tarihinde 23’e karşı 500 oyla kabul etmiştir. Sonraki adımda tasarının Avrupa Birliği Konseyi’nin onayından geçmesi beklenmektedir.
Bölüm sistematiği #
Avrupa Parlamentosu’nda 14 Mart 2023 günü kabul edilen metin esas alınmıştır.
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Gerekçe (90 Par.)
Böl. I: Genel Hükümler
Böl. II: İşletmeden Tüketiciye ve İşletmeden İşletmeye Veri Paylaşımı
Böl. III: Kanunen Verileri Kullanıma Sunmakla Yükümlü Veri Zilyetleri için Yükümlülükler
Böl. IV: İşletmeler Arası Veri Erişim ve Kullanımına İlişkin Haksız Şartlar
Böl. V: Verilerin İstisnai İhtiyaca Dayalı Olarak Kamu Kuruluşları ve Birlik Kurumları, Ajansları veya Organlarının Kullanımına Sunulması
Böl. VI: Veri İşleme Hizmetleri Arasında Geçiş
Böl. VII: Uluslararası Bağlamda Kişisel Olmayan Verilere İlişkin Tedbirler
Böl. VIII: Birlikte Çalışabilirlik
Böl. IX: Uygulama ve Yürütme
Böl. X: 96/9/EC sayılı Direktif Kapsamındaki Sui Generis Hakkın Belirli Verileri İçeren Veri Tabanlarına Uygulanamazlığı
Böl. XI: Son Hükümler
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Recitals (90 Par.)
Ch. I: General Provisions
Ch. II: Business to Consumer and Business to Business Data Sharing
Ch. III: Obligations for Data Holders Legally Obliged to Make Data Available
Ch. IV: Unfair Terms Related to Data Access and Use Between Enterprises
Ch. V: Making Data Available to Public Sector Bodies and Union Institutions, Agencies or Bodies Based on Exceptional Need
Ch. VI: Switching Between Data Processing Services
Ch. VII: International Contexts Non-Personal Data Safeguards
Ch. VIII: Interoperability
Ch. IX: Implementation and Enforcement
Ch. X: Inapplicability of the Sui Generis Right Under Directive 96/9/EC to Databases Containing Certain Data
Ch. XI: Final Provisions
Madde sistematiği #
Avrupa Parlamentosu’nda 14 Mart 2023 günü kabul edilen metin esas alınmıştır.
Chapter I – General Provisions
Art. 1 – Subject matter and scope
Art. 2 – Definitions
Chapter II – Business to Consumer and Business to Business Data Sharing
Art. 3 – Obligation to make data accessed from connected products or generated during the provision of related services accessible to the user.
Art. 3a – Data Literacy
Art. 4 – The rights and obligations of users and data holders to access, use and make available data accessed from connected products or generated during the provision of related services
Art. 5 – Right of the user to share data with third parties
Art. 6 – Obligations of data recipients receiving data at the request of the user
Art. 7 – Scope of business to consumer and business to business data sharing obligations
Chapter III – Obligations for Data Holders Legally Obliged to Make Data Available
Art. 8 – Conditions under which data holders make data available to data recipients ▌
Art. 9 – Compensation for making data available
Art. 10 – Dispute settlement
Art. 11 – Technical protection measures and provisions on unauthorised use or disclosure of data
Art. 12 – Scope of obligations for data holders legally obliged to make data available
Chapter IV – Unfair Terms Related to Data Access and Use Between Enterprises
Art. 13 – Unfair contractual terms unilaterally imposed on a ▌ enterprise
Chapter V – Making Data Available to Public Sector Bodies and Union Institutions, Agencies or Bodies Based on Exceptional Need
Art. 14 – Obligation to make data available based on exceptional need
Art. 15 – Exceptional need to use data ▌
Art. 15a – Single point to handle public sector bodies’ request
Art. 16 – Relationship with other obligations to make data available to public sector bodies and Union institutions, agencies and bodies ▌
Art. 17 – Requests for data to be made available
Art. 18 – Compliance with requests for data
Art. 19 – Obligations of public sector bodies and Union institutions, agencies and bodies
Art. 20 – Compensation in cases of exceptional need
Art. 21 – Contribution of research organisations or statistical bodies in the context of exceptional needs
Art. 22 – Mutual assistance and cross-border cooperation
Chapter VI – Switching Between Data Processing Services
Art. 22a – Definitions
Art. 23 – Removing obstacles to effective switching between providers of data processing services
Art. 24 – Contractual terms concerning switching between providers of data processing services
Art. 24a – Information obligation of providers of destination data processing services
Art. 24b – Good faith obligation
Art. 25 – Gradual withdrawal of switching charges
Art. 26 – Technical aspects of switching
Art. 26a – Exemptions for certain data processing services
Art. 26b – Dispute settlement
Chapter VII – International Contexts Non-Personal Data Safeguards
Art. 27 – International access and transfer
Chapter VIII – Interoperability
Art. 28 – Essential requirements regarding interoperability of data spaces
Art. 29 – Interoperability and portability for data processing services
Art. 30 – Essential requirements regarding smart contracts for data sharing
Chapter IX – Implementation and Enforcement
Art. 31 – Data coordinator
Art. 31a – Mutual assistance
Art. 32 – Right to lodge a complaint with a data coordinator
Art. 32a – Representation
Art. 32b – Right to an effective judicial remedy against a competent authority
Art. 32c – Right to an effective judicial remedy
Art. 33 – Penalties
Art. 34 – Model contractual terms
Chapter X – Inapplicability of the Sui Generis Right Under Directive 96/9/EC to Databases Containing Certain Data
Art. 35 – Databases containing certain data
Chapter XI – Final Provisions
Art. 36 – Amendment to Regulation (EU) No 2017/2394
Art. 37 – Amendment to Directive (EU) 2020/1828
Art. 38 – Exercise of the delegation
Art. 39 – Committee procedure
Art. 40 – Other Union legal acts governing rights and obligations on data access and use
Art. 41 – Evaluation and review
Art. 42 – Entry into force and application